Comparing college savings options
|
529 Savings Plan |
Coverdell Education Savings Accounts (Formerly Education IRAs) |
UTMA/UGMA |
| Income limitations |
None |
AGI limits apply |
None |
| Maximum account balance or yearly contribution limit per beneficiary |
Varies by state —maximum balance is until the aggregate balance of all Program accounts per beneficiary is reached ($340,000 for 2009-2010 academic year). |
$2,000 annually |
$12,000 can be donated per contributor without exceeding the annual federal gift tax exclusion |
| Taxation of account earnings and qualified withdrawals |
Account earnings grow federal income tax-deferred until withdrawn. Withdrawals are federal income tax-free if used for qualified higher education expenses. State and local taxes may apply. |
Account earnings grow federal income tax-deferred until withdrawn. Withdrawals are federal income tax-free if used for qualified higher education expenses. |
Earnings are taxable on a current basis at the child’s and/or parent’s rate, depending on the amount of income earned. Withdrawals of contributions are not subject to income tax. |
| Ability to change beneficiaries |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
| Control of withdrawals |
Owner of account |
Owner of account |
Transfers to child when child reaches legal age |
| Investment Options |
Age-based portfolios, static portfolios and single mutual fund portfolios available with many 529 plans |
Wide range of securities |
Wide range of securities |
| State tax deductible contributions |
Varies by state |
No |
No |
| Qualified use of proceeds |
Any accredited postsecondary school in the U.S. |
Any qualified K-12 expenses, plus any accredited postsecondary school in the U.S. |
Not applicable. Custodian may make withdrawals for a variety of uses for the minor’s benefit. |
| Penalties for non-qualified withdrawals |
10% penalty on earnings |
10% penalty on earnings |
No |
| Ownership of assets for financial aid purposes (may vary with private institutions) |
Normally considered account owners until withdrawals begin then earnings withdrawn count as beneficiary’s income. |
Student |
Student |
| Age restrictions |
None |
Contributions to account cannot be made after beneficiary’s 18th birthday. Qualified distributions must generally be taken within 30 days after beneficiary’s 30th birthday unless rolled over to a new beneficiary. |
Account transfers to child when child reaches legal age. |
An Investor should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of a 529 Plan before investing. More information about 529 plans can be found in the issuer's official statement, which should be read carefully before investing.